TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR.......................................................................................................
DEDICATION.....................................................................................................................
 

 

CHAPTER 1 ..........................................................
THE INDIVIDUAL ARCHITECT'S PRINCIPLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES.........
Just what is forensic architecture? ............................................................................... 
Come on guys, give me a break! ...................................................................................... 
What is a professional? .................................................................................................. 
Principles: .....................................................................................................................
Safety. ...........................................................................................................................
Welfare of the Public. .................................................................................................. 
Performance. ................................................................................................................ 
Educating and Mentoring. .............................................................................................. 
Teaching the Intern Architect. ...................................................................................... 
You will need a good code library. .................................................................................
 

 

CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................ 
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS ..................................................
U.S. Building Codes are rooted in two principles ......................................................... 
NFPA ............................................................................................................................. 
Use and Occupancy ........................................................................................................ 
Other Relevant Standards, Studies and Information. ................................................... 
Ordinances. ................................................................................................................... 
Consensus Standards. .................................................................................................... 
Industry Reference Standards. ..................................................................................... 
Formalized Maintenance Procedures. ..........................................................................
 

 

CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................................
 WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW? ...........................................................................................
How to effectively opine on a subject:.......
How to assemble a good forensic library: ...................................................... 
How to Educate Your Client, the Lawyer: .....................................................
How to Educate the Court: .........................................................................
Codes and Standards: .........................................................................34 
Weather: ...........................................................................................34 
The Make-up of the Human Body: .....................................................35 
Prior Rulings: ..................................................................................35 
Who Can Be Your Opposing Expert Witness? ..................................35 
Was He Correct in What He Said and How Do You Know? ................35 
What Can You Do to Overcome His Points of View? .........................36 
Who are the people in your office, that you could consider 
for this work? ..... ...........................................................................36
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   



CHAPTER 4 .......................................................................40
HOW PROFITABLE CAN FORENSIC ARCHITECTURE BE? ...............................40

Money Is The Issue! ..........................................................................40
What Can a Forensic Architect Charge (by the hour) For Services. 43
How Long Does It Take To Collect This Money? ...............................47
Weekly Invoices Are Normal For Current Clients. .........................48
What About Charging Interest on Overdue Accounts? .....................49

CHAPTER 5 ........................................................................51
TYPICAL REPORT FORMAT: ..........................................................................51

Photographs: ....................................................................................51
Introduction: ...................................................................................53
Materials Available For Review: ....................................................55
Site Conditions or Background Information: ..................................58
Weather: .........................................................................................60
Analysis: .........................................................................................61
Findings: .........................................................................................62

CHAPTER 6 ......................................................................63
SLIPS AND FALL REPORTS: ........................................................................63

Slip and Fall: Case # 1 ...................................................................64
Slip and Fall: Case # 2 ...................................................................72
Slip and Fall: Case # 3 ...................................................................78
Slip and Fall: Case #4 ....................................................................81
Slip and Fall: Case #5 ....................................................................89
Slip and Fall: Case #6 ....................................................................94

CHAPTER 7 ......................................................................100
STAIR ACCIDENT REPORTS: .......................................................................100

Stairs: from the Defense View Point, Case # 1 ............................101
Stairs: from the Defense View Point, Case # 2 ............................103
Stairs: from the Defense View Point, Case # 3 ............................109
Stairs: from the Defense View Point, Case # 4 ............................113
Stairs: from the Defense View Point, Case # 5 ............................120
Stairs: from the Defense View Point, Case # 6 ............................126
Stairs: from the Plaintiff View Point, Case # 7 ..........................146
Stairs: from the Plaintiff View Point, Case # 8 ..........................151

CHAPTER 8 .....................................................................156
TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL FORENSIC REPORTS: .....................................156

Architectural Design Issues. ........................................................157
Building Failures. ........................................................................158
Building Security. ........................................................................158
Construction Management. ...........................................................159
Conveyors: ....................................................................................161
Furniture and Equipment: ............................................................161
Lighting issues: ............................................................................163
Premises Liability: ......................................................................165
Site Planning Issues. ....................................................................166

CHAPTER 9 ....................................................................169
MARKETING REFERENCES: .......................................................................169

Marketing References: ................................................................169
Web sites-Associations: ..............................................................170
Web sites-Government: ..............................................................171
Web sites-Industry Resources: ..................................................172
Web sites-Accessibility: ............................................................172
Web sites- BOCA Chapters: ........................................................172
Building Officials and Code Administrators International
(BOCA) ........................................................................................173
Conventions: ...............................................................................174
Direct mail or printed matter: ..................................................174
Create a traveling information "Booth" : ...................................175

CHAPTER 10 .................................................................177
LIGHTING: ...............................................................................................177

There basically two types of light, Natural and Man Made: .......178
There are two basic lighting types, General
and Supplemental: ......................................................................178
Lighting Standards and Codes: ....................................................179
Tasks vary, lighting should vary: .............................................179
Some Color Principles. .............................................................180
What about maintenance? .........................................................181
What about the "other" lighting expert? .................................182
Light Levels: .............................................................................183
Outdoor lighting: .......................................................................185

CHAPTER 11 ...............................................................187
THE MAKE UP OF THE HUMAN BODY: ...................................................187

Humans who are mobile, are humans headed for an accident: .188
Buildings are designed around the human body: ......................188
Fatigue: ....................................................................................189
Visual Acuity: ..........................................................................190
Who will investigate the potential future accidents
of Senior Citizens? .................................................................190
A written statement: ...............................................................191
Your findings: .........................................................................193

CHAPTER 12 ..............................................................194
EXAMPLES OF THANK YOU LETTERS: .................................................194

Thank You Letter, Example #1: .............................................194
Thank You Letter, Example #2: .............................................196
Thank You Letter, Example #3: .............................................197

CHAPTER 13 ..............................................................201
SPECIALISTS TO HELP YOU WITH YOUR REPORT: ..............................201

Architectural specialists: ......................................................201
Architects use specialists: .....................................................201
Settling out of court: ..............................................................203
Expert witnesses to help you on a small case: ......................204
Expert witnesses to help you on a big case: ..........................204
Are you the right person for the job? ..................................206
What is the potential client looking for? .............................206
Should you take the case? .....................................................207

CHAPTER 14 .............................................................209
LEGAL DISCOVERY, WHAT IS IT? ......................................................209

What is a Deposition? ..........................................................209
What does your lawyer want? .............................................210
Start by educating everybody about architecture. ..............210
Define what you want clearly. .............................................211
Target your questions. .........................................................212
What if you need something? ..............................................212
What about when you call the opposing lawyer's office? ...214
Tactics of the opposition legal beagles! ..............................214

CHAPTER 15 ...........................................................216
EVIDENCE HANDLING: .....................................................................216

Policy Statement & Contract form. ....................................216

CHAPTER 16 ...........................................................221
SLIP TESTER: ..................................................................................221

Where does this start? .......................................................221
Why do we need a Slipmeter? .............................................221
The study of walking. ..........................................................222
Architectural safety or the lack of it. ................................223
What are the names of some of these machines? ...............226
"Current Slip Resistance Testing Standards" .....................227
The EnglishXL Slip-Resistance Tester. ..............................229
ANSI, NFPS and ASTM Standards. ........................................231
Buy this book. .....................................................................232
How do we walk? .................................................................232
The English XL. ...................................................................235
"Should the Threshold of Safety Be .50?" ..........................235
Related Standards ................................................................241
References for this subject: ...............................................241
Materials: ...........................................................................243
Other interesting reading on this subject: .........................243

CHAPTER 17 ...........................................................244
TRAINING FOR EXPERT WITNESSES IN DEPOSITIONS OR TRIALS: .244

A Legal Glossary. .................................................................244
How should I speak? ............................................................245
Practice Your Presentation. ................................................245
Why are you in court? ........................................................246
A hypothetical letter from a Judge. ....................................246
Is this your first time in Court as an Expert Witness? ....248
What should you do when everything starts? ....................249
What happens if the judge rejects
you as an expert witness? ..................................................250
Getting qualified as an expert witness. ...............................251
The Opposition Lawyer. ......................................................252
The Deposition: ...................................................................253
Your Resume. ......................................................................253
Can you bring and refer to notes? ......................................254
When the opposing lawyer asks for a break, take it. .........255
Where is the Judge? ...........................................................255
A Court Reporter? ..............................................................257
Wait and Think! ..................................................................258
The Jury: ............................................................................260
Is there anything you can rely upon a Jury for? ..............260
Are there things the Jury does not like? ...........................261
These are some of the things that a Jury will expect
from you, the expert witness. ............................................261
How does a Jury make their decisions? .............................262
The Trial: ............................................................................263
How do you act in Court? ....................................................263
How should you answer questions? ....................................264
What will the Opposition Lawyer ask you? .......................265
Wait for the lawyer to finish asking you a question
even if you know the answer. .............................................266
Some tips. ...........................................................................267
What is the opposition lawyer up to? ................................267
Being discredited & being impeached. ................................268
Hypothetical questions? .....................................................270
What not to say. ..................................................................270
A default answer. .................................................................271
What to you do when you are finished? ..............................272
What sets you aside from me in this process? ...................272

BIBLIOGRAPHY  ..................... .....................................I
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS ................................................II
GLOSSARY .......................................................................................XIII
  Words that you do NOT use: ...........................................................XIII
  A reasonable certainty
INDEX .......................................................................XIV

 

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